As a part of our continuous research regarding the fitness of LiDAR sensors for healthcare HAR technology, representatives of our lab have conducted a series of interviews with a broad spectrum of stakeholders which included experts, healthcare professionals, consumers, and facilities; a summary of these interviews is presented in the table below. Experts refer to academics and industry personnel working technically on pure HAR commercial projects, HAR sensors, or domain-specific factors related to HAR. Our interviews with experts have concluded some concerns regarding the performance of some of the utilized HAR systems. For instance, during one interview we conducted with one of the advisory board of Foresite Healthcare, a startup based in Missouri state that offers HAR solutions for elderly care (e.g., fall detection) based on Microsoft Kinect depth sensors, the expert has expressed concerns related to the struggle of the depth sensor to detect black clothes, shining objects, and range and overview limitations. Our interviews with healthcare professionals on the other hand, mainly nurses and medical doctors working in adult healthcare have stated that there is a need to monitor adults’ activity gauge. More specifically, they noted that each adult in senior healthcare facilities has an activity pattern, and they stated that the deviation of these activity patterns could be an early sign of a medical diagnosis. They further addressed that it is challenging to notice these deviations due to the large ratio between adult residents in senior care facilities and healthcare providers. On the other hand, they stated it is also challenging to remember these activity patterns of every individual adult while it becomes more challenging to train new nurses on adapting to these patterns. Our interviews with senior healthcare facilities administration on the other hand have concluded that these facilities are welcoming and open-minded for technology-based patient monitoring solutions. For instance, our interview with the administration of TigerPlace, a senior living facility based in Colombia Missouri has concluded that their facility utilizes depth sensors to monitor walking and gait, and to detect falls and fall risk. Finally, we conducted two interviews with senior adults living in senior living facilities in St. Louis Missouri, in this interview, we presented snapshots and images of what the LiDAR scans look like. Both the interviewees have expressed the appeal to be recorded by the LiDAR sensor compared to the other technology as the LiDAR sensor preserves more privacy compared to the other technologies according to their description.
Stakeholder Category | Background | Specialty | Where |
Expert | Computer Science (PhD) | Utilizing depth sensors for patient monitoring | University of Missouri (Columbia) |
Expert | Nursing (PhD) | Understanding the complex care of older adults and how nursing care models can improve the lives of an aging population | University of Missouri (Columbia ) |
Expert | Nursing (PhD) | Patient safety, human factors, patient risk detection, and shared mental model | University of Missouri (Columbia ) |
Expert | Nursing (PhD) | Nursing home safety and systems improvement | University of Missouri (Columbia ) |
Expert | LiDAR company | LiDAR sensors | San Francisco, California |
Healthcare professional | Medical Doctor | Oncology, Hematology | Rolla, Missouri |
Healthcare professional | Therapist | N/A | Hospital in Seattle, WA |
Healthcare professional | Nurse | N/A | Hospital in St. Louis, MO |
Healthcare professional | A Nurse working in a nursing facility | N/A | Columbia, MO |
Consumer | A male adult who currently lives in an assisted living center | N/A | St. Louis, MO |
Consumer | A male adult who currently lives in an assisted living center | N/A | St. Louis, MO |
Facility | Independent living facility | TigerPlace Independent Living | Colombia, MO |
Facility | Independent living facility | Parkside Senior Living | Rolla, MO |